Title:
Investigating the Digital Divide and Educational Equity in Access to Online Learning Resources: A Case Study of Ardabil Province
Authors:
Jahank Sharifi Toubnaq
(Corresponding Author
)
Department of Elementary Education, General Office of Education, Ardabil Province, Ardabil, Iran
)
Department of Elementary Education, General Office of Education, Ardabil Province, Ardabil, Iran
Abstract:
The present study aimed to investigate the digital divide and its role in educational equity in access to online learning resources among secondary school students in Ardabil Province. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, and in terms of methodology, it is a descriptive–analytical survey. The statistical population consisted of all 10th to 12th grade students in public high schools of Ardabil Province during the 2026 academic year. The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and a total of 400 students participated in the study. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the dimensions of the digital divide, including access to digital devices, quality of internet access, digital skills, and educational use of online resources, as well as a perceived educational equity scale. The validity of the instrument was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was verified using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis in SPSS software. The findings indicated that the mean scores of digital skills and educational use of online resources were relatively favorable, while the quality of internet access was lower compared to other components. The results of the independent t-test showed a significant difference between urban and rural students in terms of access to online learning resources. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between the digital divide and educational equity, indicating that an increase in the digital divide is associated with a decrease in perceived educational equity. Therefore, improving communication infrastructure, increasing students’ access to digital devices, and strengthening digital literacy skills can play an important role in reducing educational inequalities and promoting educational equity.